From tac@clark.net Tue Dec 01 08:32:50 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA00270 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 08:32:49 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 09:32:46 -0500 Message-Id: <3663FE0C.F7C8F65F@clark.net> Date: Tue, 01 Dec 1998 14:32:44 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <3663697C.CABAFCDB@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Some people had problems with my atachment of a GIF image to Email. Sorry. To solve the problem, I have put the drawing on my FTP server at URL: ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/matjaz_quad.gif -------------------------------------------------------------- In that same directory on aleph are some JPEG photos concerning choke- ring antennas: $30,000+ of commercial geodetic choke-ring antennas I collected for recent anechoic chamber tests. This collection is from 4 of the 5 manufacturers of (nearly) identical antennas cloned from a JPL design. These are typical of the antennas used at most of the IGS and CORS sites. They are ~14.5" in diameter, and are milled from a solid 15" x 15" x 4" block of aluminum. For scale, the grooves have 1" width and are 2.5" deep. One of my research activities concerns the calibration of the phase center at the mm-level. ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/6_choke_ants.jpg My original prototype of an 8" choke-ring antenna. In this photo, the Motorola patch antenna is NOT centered properly. This antenna used ~$10 in parts and had an excellent pattern on the anechoic chamber antenna range: ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/choke_proto.jpg Finally -- some pictures of my new 10" choke-ring antenna finished just last weekend. This antenna has one more ring than the 8" prototype and involves ~$20 in parts & materials. Itook some extra care to make the antenna more rugged (lots of pop rivets!) and weather-proof (all the galvanized steel parts have been primed with zinc primer, and then painted: Some suitable parts that might be used -- all from the local hardware or kitchen supply stores: ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/parts.jpg I chose to use the 10" teflon-coated pan and not to use the aluminum baking pans. The chosen parts are shown stacked up, before drilling any holes: ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/choke_asm.jpg After drilling all the holes. The larger holes are 5/8" diameter (for the tripod mounting bolt, and to pass the coax & connector thru), and the smaller holes are 1/8" (for pop rivets): ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/holes.jpg And the final antenna, after painting, pop riveting, etc. on my Zeiss surveying tripod on the back porch, actually collecting data! [I found this nearly new tripod worth > $1k on surplus for $75. One of my better purchases!]: ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/tripod.jpg 73, Tom From bdcst@vermontel.net Tue Dec 01 15:10:28 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id PAA14838 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 15:10:27 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-8.vermontel.net [207.1.47.12]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA13331 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 16:07:19 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <366455B5.57DFDF@vermontel.net> Date: Tue, 01 Dec 1998 15:46:45 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1927] GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <3663FE0C.F7C8F65F@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > Some people had problems with my atachment of a GIF image to > Email. Sorry. (SNIP) This may be a silly question, but I didn't notice any drain holes in the choke ring assembly. Are the pop rivets doubling as drains? While that might not be an issue in New Mexico, here in New England one would run the risk of creating a bird bath. Now how would that affect performance? --Ira W1IRA From bdcst@vermontel.net Tue Dec 01 15:10:32 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id PAA14856 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 15:10:31 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-8.vermontel.net [207.1.47.12]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA13338; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 16:07:22 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <36645AEE.ED432CCA@vermontel.net> Date: Tue, 01 Dec 1998 16:09:02 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org, tac@clark.net Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1925] Re: GPS Antennae designs... References: <3663654C.A3BC6477@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > Not really -- the concept of "capture area" really only applies to > antennas bigger the ~one wavelength in size. For small antennas, the > capture area is really a measure of the directivity of the antenna, > and even an infinitesimal dipole has nearly the same directivity > as a half-wave dipole, and both have a capture area ~ 0.12 lambda**2 > when hung in free-space. Okay, then what about isotropic antennas, i.e. 1/4 wave ground plane versus foreshortened whips such as spirally wound rubber duckies? They all have the same directivity of a hemispherical radiator. Is the lack of antenna efficiency of the duckie due to low radiation resistance, reactive or dielectric losses or is it due to significant reduction in its aperture? Tom, your statement would seem to imply that aperture in a fractional lambda antenna is unimportant and it is the very low radiation resistance value that makes it difficult to generate a meaningful signal voltage on receive and would cause significant IR losses on transmit. But what about the relationship between aperture size and the amount of RF field that is intercepted. Is that only valid for greater than 1 wavelength? It is a bit counter intuitive when one visualizes magnetic lines of force or electric fields being intercepted by a conductor. --Ira From ssampson@usa-site.net Tue Dec 01 18:21:59 1998 Received: from access.usa-site.net (access.usa-site.net [209.140.34.130]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id SAA21946 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 18:21:57 -0600 (CST) Received: from dodge (dodge.usa-site.net [209.140.34.135]) by access.usa-site.net (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id SAA13754 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 18:21:57 -0600 Message-ID: <001a01be1d89$bfd847a0$87228cd1@dodge.usa-site.net> From: "Steve Sampson" To: Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1928] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1998 18:21:47 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Actually, if I put that uncovered in my yard, about 20 birds would be duking it out for ownership :-) I'm thinking a nice clamp and a garbage bag... Steve -----Original Message----- From: Ira A. Wilner To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Tuesday, December 01, 1998 3:32 PM Subject: [TACGPS:1928] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos >This may be a silly question, but I didn't notice any drain holes in the >choke ring assembly. Are the pop rivets doubling as drains? > >While that might not be an issue in New Mexico, here in New England one >would run the risk of creating a bird bath. Now how would that affect >performance? From tac@clark.net Tue Dec 01 23:17:12 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id XAA11712 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 23:17:11 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 00:17:09 -0500 Message-Id: <3664CD53.65B36ECE@clark.net> Date: Wed, 02 Dec 1998 05:17:07 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <001a01be1d89$bfd847a0$87228cd1@dodge.usa-site.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Ira Wilner asked about drain holes and Steve Sampson noted: > Actually, if I put that uncovered in my yard, about 20 birds would > be duking it out for ownership :-) I didn't put drain holes in at this time -- not that I didn't consider it, but my intent is to cover the antenna with a radome. On the next trip to the pots 'n pans store, I'm looking for a vinyl bowl about 11" in diameter (i.e. Tupperware). The largest one my wife has in our stock is a tad too small for the large 10" ring. The use of radomes is very common practice at the IGS sites. If you look at ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/gode-ant.jpg you will see the choke-ring antenna sitting under a hemispheric plexiglas radome atop the 30" diameter concrete pier. The antenna you see in the foreground is my GODE IGS GPS site (which is also in use as the GODZ GPS+GLONASS facility for the current IGEX campaign). If you look closely at the radome, you will see that there are charcoal briquettes (throw some shrimp on the barbie, mate!) under the dome. These help absorb condensation. The light bulbs provide some heat to keep the condensation under control, act as a nite-light, and mark the antenna so that snow-plow drivers don't hit it during the winter! Next to the light you also see a small Rotron fan that keeps the air inside gthe radome "stirred up". FYI in this photo -- background right is our 5M geodetic VLBI dish. This used to be a mobile antenna that toured the western US, Alaska, Canada and Europe about a decade ago in the pre-GPS era. The antenna dish is a clone of the dish flown on Voyager to the outer planets and we use it at S & X-band. We also use this antenna as an az-el platform for fake spacecraft to test out GPS attitude determination widgets. [And it has also been used for 432 EME and I hope to be QRV on 10.4 GHz soon.] The near trailer houses my GPS hardware and is where much of the original TAC testing was done. The far trailer has the VLBI hardware and Hydrogen Maser. The 30' tower next to the GPS trailer has the W3IWI-13 DGPS beacon antenna on top. 73, Tom From tac@clark.net Tue Dec 01 23:53:50 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id XAA14482 for ; Tue, 1 Dec 1998 23:53:49 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 00:53:47 -0500 Message-Id: <3664D5E9.A049AC9E@clark.net> Date: Wed, 02 Dec 1998 05:53:45 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1929] Re: GPS Antennae designs... References: <36645AEE.ED432CCA@vermontel.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Ira Wilner wrote (and Bob Bruninga sent similar comments): > > Not really -- the concept of "capture area" really only applies to > > antennas bigger the ~one wavelength in size. For small antennas, the > > capture area is really a measure of the directivity of the antenna, > > and even an infinitesimal dipole has nearly the same directivity > > as a half-wave dipole, and both have a capture area ~ 0.12 lambda**2 > > when hung in free-space. > > Okay, then what about isotropic antennas, i.e. 1/4 wave ground plane > versus foreshortened whips such as spirally wound rubber duckies? They > all have the same directivity of a hemispherical radiator. A quarter-wave ground-plane is NOT an isotropic antenna! You know that because there is a null off the tip! > Is the lack of antenna efficiency of the duckie due to low radiation > resistance, reactive or dielectric losses or is it due to significant > reduction in its aperture? The Rubber Ducky antennas (some time I'll have to tell you how that term originated. I take claim to its "invention" circa 1961.) are poor radiators mainly because of the fact that their internal ohmic losses dominate the radiation resistance, and hence they make heat, not RF. > Tom, your statement would seem to imply that aperture in a fractional > lambda antenna is unimportant and it is the very low radiation > resistance value that makes it difficult to generate a meaningful signal > voltage on receive and would cause significant IR losses on transmit. > > But what about the relationship between aperture size and the amount of > RF field that is intercepted. Is that only valid for greater than 1 > wavelength? It is a bit counter intuitive when one visualizes magnetic > lines of force or electric fields being intercepted by a conductor. The concept of "capture area" really refers to the physical area that "feels" the currents in the antenna. One simple example -- you put up a wire dipole antenna for 80M using #18 wire. The antenna is a half-wave long, but the wire is about 1 mm in diameter, i.e. the "width" is about 1/10,000 wavelength. Therefore the PHYSICAL capture area of this antenna is ~1/20,000 lambda**2, right? Now let me double the diameter using #12 or #14 wire and I've doubled the physical area. But the 2nd antenna is indistinguishably different from the one made with #18 (except that the ohmic losses are a bit less and it may stand up to the weather better). Both have the same patterns, and hence the same equivalent capture areas, which is in fact ~.1-.2 lambda**2. For any dipole (or ground-plane, or rubber ducky, or whatever), the feed has a complex impedance Z = Rloss + Rradiation +jX. The signal that the antenna makes is the vector sum of the I*Rradiation contrib- utions from each little piece of the antenna. If an antenna has ohmic Rloss terms bigger than Rradiation, then the antenna gets hot. If the reactive X part is big compared to Rradiation, then you have an capacitor/inductor, not an antenna! The term "capture area" has a very precise definition in terms of the directivity of the antenna, and hence the antenna pattern. Hence my statement that a microscopic dipole has (nearly) the same capture area as a half-wave dipole. You may not be able to get enough current to flow to make the antenna be useful. The problem with short antennas is getting enough current to flow into the Radiation Resistance (i.e. matching). 73, Tom From sguccion@outland.dtcc.edu Wed Dec 02 08:52:52 1998 Received: from outland.dtcc.edu (root@outland.dtcc.edu [138.123.12.201]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA12499 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 08:52:44 -0600 (CST) Received: from t-s103-01 (t-s103-1.dtcc.edu [138.123.128.24]) by outland.dtcc.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA06831 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 09:52:37 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <003401be1e03$66e93fd0$18807b8a@t-s103-01.dtcc.edu> From: "Sam Guccione" To: Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1931] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos Date: Wed, 2 Dec 1998 09:52:35 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr. Clark, Where is the site identified in the web address? Goddard or elsewhere. Sam -----Original Message----- From: Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) Date: Wednesday, December 02, 1998 12:50 AM Subject: [TACGPS:1931] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos > >The use of radomes is very common practice at the IGS sites. If you look at > ftp://aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov/GPS/antennas/gode-ant.jpg >you will see the choke-ring antenna sitting under a hemispheric plexiglas >radome atop the 30" diameter concrete pier. The antenna you see in the >foreground is my GODE IGS GPS site (which is also in use as the GODZ >GPS+GLONASS facility for the current IGEX campaign). > From clark@tomcat.gsfc.nasa.gov Wed Dec 02 11:44:09 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA20101 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 11:44:08 -0600 (CST) Received: from tomcat.gsfc.nasa.gov (scheat.gsfc.nasa.gov) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 12:44:00 -0500 Message-Id: <36657C5F.1367EF20@tomcat.gsfc.nasa.gov> Date: Wed, 02 Dec 1998 12:43:59 -0500 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: clark@tomcat.gsfc.nasa.gov X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1933] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <003401be1e03$66e93fd0$18807b8a@t-s103-01.dtcc.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sam Guccione wrote: > Where is the site identified in the web address? Goddard or elsewhere. Hi Sam -- the site is at the Goddard Geophysical & Astronomical Obsv. (GGAO), about 3 miles northeast of the main Goddard campus. 73, Tom From scti@eclipse.net Wed Dec 02 15:43:42 1998 Received: from mail.eclipse.net (root@mail.eclipse.net [207.207.192.13]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id PAA29578 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 15:43:41 -0600 (CST) Received: from scti97 (scti-gw.scettc.org [204.252.84.4]) by mail.eclipse.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA00236 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 16:43:40 -0500 (EST) Reply-To: From: "Barry Campbell" To: Subject: RE: [TACGPS:1928] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos Date: Wed, 2 Dec 1998 16:44:27 -0500 Message-ID: <001701be1e3c$ef72c5e0$225bfccc@scti97.raritanval.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <366455B5.57DFDF@vermontel.net> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Couldn't resist a thought on Ira's question. It's not a silly question, but conjures up thoughts of maybe it could double as a rain gauge? How about when it snows? Could be a nice ice rink or snow track for birds! Seriously, if drain holes are a problem to the antenna, you might be able to pick up one of those plastic curved devices used to thwart squirrels from bird feeders to put over the antenna. The clear plastic should deflect rain, snow, etc. from the antenna but not interfere with the reception. Actually, if it were black plastic, even snow would not accumulate for long as the sun could melt it faster against the black. I also have a roll of about 3 inch wide copper that is a total of about 30 feet in length I bought at Dayton. I wonder if that would serve as the concentric antenna parts? They could easily be soldered to a copper base, too. Anyway, that's my $0.02 worth. Barry Campbell, W2CGX in New Jersey barryc@compubell.com > -----Original Message----- > From: tacgps@tapr.org > [mailto:tacgps@tapr.org]On Behalf Of > Ira A. Wilner > Sent: Tuesday, December 01, 1998 4:11 PM > To: tacgps@tapr.org > Subject: [TACGPS:1928] Re: GPS Antenna > design drawings and photos > > > Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > > > Some people had problems with my > atachment of a GIF image to > > Email. Sorry. > > (SNIP) > > This may be a silly question, but I > didn't notice any drain holes in the > choke ring assembly. Are the pop > rivets doubling as drains? > > While that might not be an issue in New > Mexico, here in New England one > would run the risk of creating a bird > bath. Now how would that affect > performance? > > --Ira > W1IRA > > From bdcst@vermontel.net Wed Dec 02 23:17:27 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id XAA25978 for ; Wed, 2 Dec 1998 23:17:25 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-53.vermontel.net [207.1.47.57]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id AAA08629 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 00:14:14 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3666127D.12A6AD43@vermontel.net> Date: Wed, 02 Dec 1998 23:24:29 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1932] Re: GPS Antennae designs... References: <3664D5E9.A049AC9E@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > A quarter-wave ground-plane is NOT an isotropic antenna! You know that > because there is a null off the tip! Okay. Then it is almost isotropic as in slightly pregnant. > > The Rubber Ducky antennas (some time I'll have to tell you how that term > originated. I take claim to its "invention" circa 1961.) are poor > radiators mainly because of the fact that their internal ohmic losses > dominate the radiation resistance, and hence they make heat, not RF. Then the common joke about them being resistors or dummyloads is indeed technically correct! I guess we'll have to wait for the development of cryogenically cooled HT antennas. :-) --Ira From tac@clark.net Thu Dec 03 01:19:42 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id BAA08395 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 01:19:41 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 02:15:59 -0500 Message-Id: <36663AAD.ACA95BB9@clark.net> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 07:15:58 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: "James L. Johnson" , TACGPS Subject: Re: Rubber Ducky References: <199812021807.KAA11761@saiph.hpl.hp.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Jim Johnson, W6SC wrote: > I'd like to hear the story of the rubber ducky term. OK -- here it is. Naming the "Rubber Ducky" is one of my dubious claims to fame. The year was 1961. JFK was in the White House. Young RFK had been named as Attorney General. A comedian named Vaughn Meador put out an album (33 RPM, in vinyl) that was a parody on life at 1600 Pennsylvania. In it was a skit with RFK and JFK acting childish in a bathtub, having a fight over the possesion of rubber ducky toy. At the time I was in college in Boulder and had become the Boulder County RACES Radio Officer. The state of Colorado delivered us a batch of Motorola portable radios crystalled on 2M. Of course, they were equipped with the curly whip antennas. I made a joke something like "Those must be RFK's Rubber Duckys". Everyone broke out laughing, especially because Colorado had been staunch Nixon turf. Someone else said something like "Actually it is baby RFK's little rubber dicky!" The name stuck. And that's the truth! 73, Tom From rick@cnssys.com Thu Dec 03 05:39:53 1998 Received: from gw.cnssys.com (root@cnssys.com [207.97.17.1]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id FAA13295 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 05:39:51 -0600 (CST) Received: from rick (rick.cnssys.com [207.97.17.16]) by gw.cnssys.com (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id HAA05118 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 07:39:08 -0500 From: "Richard M. Hambly" To: Subject: RE: [TACGPS:1937] Re: Rubber Ducky Date: Thu, 3 Dec 1998 06:39:47 -0500 Message-ID: <000001be1eb1$a1011540$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2377.0 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <36663AAD.ACA95BB9@clark.net> X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3155.0 Tom, I still have that original 33 RPM vinyl, in case you want a copy. Everyone put them away after JFK was shot so it has low hours. Later, the younger generation couldn't understand the jokes. Rick WB2TNL -----Original Message----- From: tacgps@tapr.org [mailto:tacgps@tapr.org]On Behalf Of Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) Sent: Thursday, December 03, 1998 2:23 AM To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: [TACGPS:1937] Re: Rubber Ducky Jim Johnson, W6SC wrote: > I'd like to hear the story of the rubber ducky term. OK -- here it is. Naming the "Rubber Ducky" is one of my dubious claims to fame. The year was 1961. JFK was in the White House. Young RFK had been named as Attorney General. A comedian named Vaughn Meador put out an album (33 RPM, in vinyl) that was a parody on life at 1600 Pennsylvania. In it was a skit with RFK and JFK acting childish in a bathtub, having a fight over the possesion of rubber ducky toy. At the time I was in college in Boulder and had become the Boulder County RACES Radio Officer. The state of Colorado delivered us a batch of Motorola portable radios crystalled on 2M. Of course, they were equipped with the curly whip antennas. I made a joke something like "Those must be RFK's Rubber Duckys". Everyone broke out laughing, especially because Colorado had been staunch Nixon turf. Someone else said something like "Actually it is baby RFK's little rubber dicky!" The name stuck. And that's the truth! 73, Tom From ssampson@usa-site.net Thu Dec 03 07:01:35 1998 Received: from access.usa-site.net (access.usa-site.net [209.140.34.130]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id HAA24318 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 07:01:34 -0600 (CST) Received: from dodge (dodge.usa-site.net [209.140.34.135]) by access.usa-site.net (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id HAA15999 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 07:01:33 -0600 Message-ID: <002a01be1ebd$02f02f60$87228cd1@dodge.usa-site.net> From: "Steve Sampson" To: Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1938] Re: Rubber Ducky Date: Thu, 3 Dec 1998 07:01:15 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 As I recall, you had to know the current events, otherwise it made little sense. Didn't it have some lady in a box-hat on the Album cover? Before my time, but remember it being listened to as a kid. And I certainly couldn't have remembered the comedians name. One of the local Hams bought one of those MFJ SWR Analyzers, and everyone brought their antennas to be analyzed. One old guy who's been using his ducky for years found that it was an "open!" Ha, he didn't expect much, so was satisfied. Fixed it up and he was a new man... Steve N5OWK -----Original Message----- From: Richard M. Hambly To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Thursday, December 03, 1998 6:02 AM Subject: [TACGPS:1938] Re: Rubber Ducky >Tom, > >I still have that original 33 RPM vinyl, in case you want a copy. Everyone >put them away after JFK was shot so it has low hours. Later, the younger >generation couldn't understand the jokes. > >Rick >WB2TNL From jra@febo.com Thu Dec 03 07:01:40 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id HAA24336 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 07:01:38 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA28816 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 08:01:37 -0500 Message-Id: <199812031301.IAA28816@meow.febo.com> To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1938] Re: Rubber Ducky In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 03 Dec 1998 05:42:13 CST." <000001be1eb1$a1011540$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 08:01:36 -0500 From: John Ackermann Hi Rick -- You opened up a dangerous door here -- I'm a fan of old comedy, and especially old political comedy. I'd love a tape copy if you're up to it!!! (One of my prize possessions is Pat Paulsen's album from the '68 campaign). 73, John N8UR jra@febo.com ---- In message <000001be1eb1$a1011540$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com>, "Richard M. Hambly " writes: >Tom, > >I still have that original 33 RPM vinyl, in case you want a copy. Everyone >put them away after JFK was shot so it has low hours. Later, the younger >generation couldn't understand the jokes. > >Rick >WB2TNL > >-----Original Message----- >From: tacgps@tapr.org [mailto:tacgps@tapr.org]On Behalf Of Dr Thomas A >Clark (W3IWI) >Sent: Thursday, December 03, 1998 2:23 AM >To: tacgps@tapr.org >Subject: [TACGPS:1937] Re: Rubber Ducky > > >Jim Johnson, W6SC wrote: > >> I'd like to hear the story of the rubber ducky term. > >OK -- here it is. Naming the "Rubber Ducky" is one of my dubious claims >to fame. > >The year was 1961. JFK was in the White House. Young RFK had been >named as Attorney General. A comedian named Vaughn Meador put out an >album (33 RPM, in vinyl) that was a parody on life at 1600 Pennsylvania. >In it was a skit with RFK and JFK acting childish in a bathtub, having >a fight over the possesion of rubber ducky toy. > >At the time I was in college in Boulder and had become the Boulder >County RACES Radio Officer. The state of Colorado delivered us a batch >of Motorola portable radios crystalled on 2M. Of course, they were >equipped with the curly whip antennas. > >I made a joke something like "Those must be RFK's Rubber Duckys". >Everyone broke out laughing, especially because Colorado had been >staunch Nixon turf. Someone else said something like "Actually it >is baby RFK's little rubber dicky!" The name stuck. > >And that's the truth! > >73, Tom From bdcst@vermontel.net Thu Dec 03 10:59:48 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA02461 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 10:59:47 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-3.vermontel.net [207.1.47.7]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA11677 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:56:35 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3666BFF2.B3BBD83A@vermontel.net> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 11:44:34 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1938] Re: Rubber Ducky References: <000001be1eb1$a1011540$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Richard M. Hambly wrote: > > Tom, > > I still have that original 33 RPM vinyl, in case you want a copy. Everyone > put them away after JFK was shot so it has low hours. Later, the younger > generation couldn't understand the jokes. So do I. Maybe it should be dubbed to CD-R for safe keeping. :-) --Ira From bdcst@vermontel.net Thu Dec 03 10:59:50 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA02482 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 10:59:49 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-3.vermontel.net [207.1.47.7]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA11686 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:56:38 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3666C2C4.7B65A418@vermontel.net> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 11:56:36 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1937] Re: Rubber Ducky References: <36663AAD.ACA95BB9@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > The year was 1961. JFK was in the White House. Young RFK had been > named as Attorney General. A comedian named Vaughn Meador put out an > album (33 RPM, in vinyl) that was a parody on life at 1600 Pennsylvania. > In it was a skit with RFK and JFK acting childish in a bathtub, having > a fight over the possesion of rubber ducky toy. Actually it was a rubber swan. As an additional historical footnote: The recording session was held during the height of the Cuban Missle Crisis. And the producers were worried that the live studio audience would not be in a good humor. It was quite a frightful time. But the audience was very appreciative of the performance, demonstrated by the great laugh tracks they provided. --Ira W1IRA From bdcst@vermontel.net Thu Dec 03 10:59:52 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA02501 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 10:59:51 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-3.vermontel.net [207.1.47.7]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA11692 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:56:40 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3666C357.6ACDFB3D@vermontel.net> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 11:59:03 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1939] Re: Rubber Ducky References: <002a01be1ebd$02f02f60$87228cd1@dodge.usa-site.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Steve Sampson wrote: > > As I recall, you had to know the current events, otherwise it made > little sense. Didn't it have some lady in a box-hat on the Album cover? > Before my time, but remember it being listened to as a kid. No hats! In fact JFK was the first President in modern times to go bare headed even in winter. The clothing industry was distraught over it. It hurt haberdashers! A nurse and a Caroline Kennedy impostor are the only bonnet wearers on the album cover. It still elicits a chuckle from me. So, Steve you are making me feel old! > > One of the local Hams bought one of those MFJ SWR Analyzers, > and everyone brought their antennas to be analyzed. I've used one in hobby and commercial applications. Mighty Fine Junk. Actually one of their better products. In fact so good, that they have come out with a newer version with more bells and whistles. Apparently a best seller for them. --Ira From bdcst@vermontel.net Thu Dec 03 11:13:12 1998 Received: from raptor.vermontel.net (raptor.vermontel.net [204.164.106.5]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA03036 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:13:11 -0600 (CST) Received: from vermontel.net (b-3.vermontel.net [207.1.47.7]) by raptor.vermontel.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA13993 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 12:10:01 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3666C6A5.D3394341@vermontel.net> Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 12:13:09 -0500 From: "Ira A. Wilner" Reply-To: bdcst@vermontel.net Organization: Wilner Associates X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win98; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1931] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <3664CD53.65B36ECE@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > FYI in this photo -- background right is our 5M geodetic VLBI dish. This > used > to be a mobile antenna that toured the western US, Alaska, Canada and > Europe > about a decade ago in the pre-GPS era. The antenna dish is a clone of the > dish flown on Voyager to the outer planets and we use it at S & X-band. That cassegrain feed dish looks rather heavy for a spacecraft antenna! -iw From jjjohnson@saiph.hpl.hp.com Thu Dec 03 11:34:53 1998 Received: from hplms26.hpl.hp.com (root@hplms26.hpl.hp.com [15.255.168.31]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA03800 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:34:52 -0600 (CST) Received: from saiph.hpl.hp.com (saiph.hpl.hp.com [15.9.144.186]) by hplms26.hpl.hp.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1a/HPLabs Relay) with ESMTP id JAA14013 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 09:34:51 -0800 (PST) Received: (from jjjohnson@localhost) by saiph.hpl.hp.com (8.8.6/8.8.6 HPLabs) id JAA07204 for tacgps@tapr.org; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 09:34:48 -0800 (PST) From: Jim Johnson Message-Id: <199812031734.JAA07204@saiph.hpl.hp.com> Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1937] Re: Rubber Ducky To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 9:34:48 PST In-Reply-To: <36663AAD.ACA95BB9@clark.net>; from "Dr Thomas A Clark" at Dec 3, 98 1:22 am X-Mailer: Elm [revision: 109.19] > > I'd like to hear the story of the rubber ducky term. > > OK -- here it is. Naming the "Rubber Ducky" is one of my dubious claims > to fame. > > The year was 1961. JFK was in the White House. Young RFK had been > named as Attorney General. A comedian named Vaughn Meador put out an > album (33 RPM, in vinyl) that was a parody on life at 1600 Pennsylvania. > In it was a skit with RFK and JFK acting childish in a bathtub, having > a fight over the possesion of rubber ducky toy. > > At the time I was in college in Boulder and had become the Boulder > County RACES Radio Officer. The state of Colorado delivered us a batch > of Motorola portable radios crystalled on 2M. Of course, they were > equipped with the curly whip antennas. > > I made a joke something like "Those must be RFK's Rubber Duckys". > Everyone broke out laughing, especially because Colorado had been > staunch Nixon turf. Someone else said something like "Actually it > is baby RFK's little rubber dicky!" The name stuck. > > And that's the truth! > > 73, Tom > > Thanks, Tom. An interesting story, but I don't think it will make it into the staid publication QST (!). Of all your accomplishments, I wonder if this will be listed in your Top Ten! 73, Jim W6SC jjohnson@hpl.hp.com From jjjohnson@saiph.hpl.hp.com Thu Dec 03 11:37:59 1998 Received: from hplms26.hpl.hp.com (root@hplms26.hpl.hp.com [15.255.168.31]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA03890 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 11:37:58 -0600 (CST) Received: from saiph.hpl.hp.com (saiph.hpl.hp.com [15.9.144.186]) by hplms26.hpl.hp.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1a/HPLabs Relay) with ESMTP id JAA14249 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 09:37:57 -0800 (PST) Received: (from jjjohnson@localhost) by saiph.hpl.hp.com (8.8.6/8.8.6 HPLabs) id JAA07466 for tacgps@tapr.org; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 09:37:55 -0800 (PST) From: Jim Johnson Message-Id: <199812031737.JAA07466@saiph.hpl.hp.com> Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1938] Re: TAC32 To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 9:37:54 PST In-Reply-To: <000001be1eb1$a1011540$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com>; from "Richard M. Hambly" at Dec 3, 98 5:42 am X-Mailer: Elm [revision: 109.19] Hi Rick, Haven't heard much about further beta releases of TAC32. Can we assume the next production release is imminent? It runs flawlessly here in Silicon Valley on WinNT and Win95. Tnx, Jim W6SC From rick@cnssys.com Thu Dec 03 12:05:00 1998 Received: from gw.cnssys.com (root@cnssys.com [207.97.17.1]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA04650 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 12:04:44 -0600 (CST) Received: from rick (rick.cnssys.com [207.97.17.16]) by gw.cnssys.com (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id OAA06507 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 14:04:02 -0500 From: "Richard M. Hambly" To: Subject: RE: [TACGPS:1946] Re: TAC32 Date: Thu, 3 Dec 1998 13:04:37 -0500 Message-ID: <000801be1ee7$64732920$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0009_01BE1EBD.7B9D2120" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2377.0 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <199812031737.JAA07466@saiph.hpl.hp.com> X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3155.0 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0009_01BE1EBD.7B9D2120 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Jim, I'm not sure what beta release you are running. The current one is Beta 26. It is a candidate for Version 2.0. I am getting close. Attached is a Word 97 file with the release summary. Rick -----Original Message----- From: tacgps@tapr.org [mailto:tacgps@tapr.org]On Behalf Of Jim Johnson Sent: Thursday, December 03, 1998 12:42 PM To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: [TACGPS:1946] Re: TAC32 Hi Rick, Haven't heard much about further beta releases of TAC32. Can we assume the next production release is imminent? It runs flawlessly here in Silicon Valley on WinNT and Win95. 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Thu, 3 Dec 1998 10:53:51 -0800 (PST) Received: (from jjjohnson@localhost) by saiph.hpl.hp.com (8.8.6/8.8.6 HPLabs) id KAA12034 for tacgps@tapr.org; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 10:53:45 -0800 (PST) From: Jim Johnson Message-Id: <199812031853.KAA12034@saiph.hpl.hp.com> Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1947] Re: TAC32 To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 10:53:45 PST In-Reply-To: <000801be1ee7$64732920$101161cf@rick.cnssys.com>; from "Richard M. Hambly" at Dec 3, 98 12:06 (noon) X-Mailer: Elm [revision: 109.19] > > Jim, > > I'm not sure what beta release you are running. The current one is Beta 26. > It is a candidate for Version 2.0. I am getting close. > > Attached is a Word 97 file with the release summary. > > Rick > OK Rick, I am way behind - I'm using Beta 22. The release notes printed OK - thanks for the documentation. I'll download Beta 26 now and start it up. 73, Jim From vk2tds@ozemail.com.au Thu Dec 03 15:53:55 1998 Received: from note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU (root@note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU [129.94.242.29]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id PAA12277 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 15:53:53 -0600 (CST) Received: From ozemail.com.au ([129.94.15.31]) By note With Smtp ; Fri, 4 Dec 98 08:53:48 +1100 From: Darryl Smith To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Fri, 04 Dec 1998 08:51:52 +1100 Message-ID: <366707F7.B3EB774E@ozemail.com.au> X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: Helical Antenna Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dumb question here with the helical antenna..... Which way does the coil go.... I built one last night and got poor performance. I just did not want to re-wind it to get worse perfoemance........ Also how big should the reflecter at the back be? And can it be flat.... Darryl VK2TDS From j.m.franke@larc.nasa.gov Thu Dec 03 16:24:30 1998 Received: from post.larc.nasa.gov (post.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.4.45]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA13563 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 16:24:29 -0600 (CST) Received: from [128.155.59.12] (franke.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.59.12]) by post.larc.nasa.gov (8.8.6.1/pohub4.2A) with ESMTP id RAA09965 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 17:24:24 -0500 (EST) X-Sender: j.m.franke@express.larc.nasa.gov Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <366707F7.B3EB774E@ozemail.com.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Thu, 3 Dec 1998 17:24:25 -0500 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: John Franke Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1949] Helical Antenna The turns should be right-handed, like a normal screw thread. The reflector can indeed be flat, it typically is. The diameter should be 0.8 wavelength or greater. How many turns are you using? More turns mean more gain but also more directivity. For GPS applications, two turns should be good, as was used by Tom Clark. John M. Franke WA4WDL >Dumb question here with the helical antenna..... > > Which way does the coil go.... > >I built one last night and got poor performance. I just did not want to >re-wind it to get worse perfoemance........ > >Also how big should the reflecter at the back be? And can it be flat.... > >Darryl VK2TDS From k4jpj@appstate.campus.mci.net Thu Dec 03 18:50:13 1998 Received: from aus-a.mp.campus.mci.net (aus-a.mp.campus.mci.net [208.140.84.21]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id SAA27343 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 18:50:12 -0600 (CST) Received: from fl (s20-pm19.snaustel.campus.mci.net [208.140.81.87]) by aus-a.mp.campus.mci.net (8.9.0/8.8.8) with SMTP id TAA25840 for ; Thu, 3 Dec 1998 19:44:56 -0500 (EST) Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19981203194509.007c6ad0@appstate.campus.mci.net> X-Sender: k4jpj@appstate.campus.mci.net X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32) Date: Thu, 03 Dec 1998 19:45:09 -0500 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: Donald E Haselwood Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1950] Re: Helical Antenna In-Reply-To: References: <366707F7.B3EB774E@ozemail.com.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" For widest beam width a 1 1/2 turn helix is best. Below 1 1/2t it loses its circularity. Reference (5) shows that 2 turns is minimum on the axial ratio v pitch curve and not the best choice; at 2 1/2 t and above it "smooths out". I don't know how the impedance varies in the 1 1/2 - 3 t range. Reference (5) below says that the impedance is about 70 + j30 ohms over a roughly a 10% bandwidth, providing the helix is radiating circularly (i.e. pitch and dia have to be within the limits). The "amateur" method for matching has been to have a portion of a turn very close to the ground plane, forming a matching line (push the turn towards the ground plane and watch the swr). I've done this on a 70 cm long helix and 6 turn 2.4 Ghz helix--it works fine, but I've never tried the very short type (futhermore, there is the problem of sig source for gps!). Some time back whilst looking at dish feeds I turned up the following references on short helices. Most of the work was done in the context of arrays of short helixes (for 11 Ghz DBS). (1) * Nakano, H., Asaka, N., & Yamauchi, J. (1984). Radiation characteristics of short helical antenna and its mutual coupling. Electronics Letters, 20(5), 202-204. (2) Nakano, H., Asaka, N., & Yamauchi, J. (1984). Short Helical Antenna Array Fed from a Waveguide. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, AP-32(8), 836-840. (3) Nakano, H., Samada, Y., & Yamauchi, J. (1986). Axial mode helical antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propogation, AP-34(9), 1143-1148. (4) Nakano, H., Takeda, H., Kitamura, Y., Mimaki, H., & Yamauchi, J. (1992). Low-profile helical array antenna fed from a radial waveguide. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 40(3), 279-284. (5) * Nakano, H., Taketa, H., Honma, T., Mimaki, H., & Yamauchi, J. (1991). Extremely Low-Profile Helix Radiating a Circularly Polarized Wave. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propogation, 39(6), 754-757. * - Talks about short helices (whereas others incorporate them into arrays) 73's Don, W4DH At 04:26 PM 12/3/98 -0600, you wrote: >The turns should be right-handed, like a normal screw thread. The >reflector can indeed be flat, it typically is. The diameter should be 0.8 >wavelength or greater. How many turns are you using? More turns mean more >gain but also more directivity. For GPS applications, two turns should be >good, as was used by Tom Clark. > >John M. Franke WA4WDL > > >>Dumb question here with the helical antenna..... >> >> Which way does the coil go.... >> >>I built one last night and got poor performance. I just did not want to >>re-wind it to get worse perfoemance........ >> >>Also how big should the reflecter at the back be? And can it be flat.... >> >>Darryl VK2TDS > > > > From barnie@flash.net Fri Dec 04 22:42:57 1998 Received: from centurion.flash.net (centurion.flash.net [209.30.0.22]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id WAA20654 for ; Fri, 4 Dec 1998 22:42:56 -0600 (CST) Received: from flash.net (p124.utc3.dialup.tus1.flash.net [209.30.43.124]) by centurion.flash.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id WAA27567 for ; Fri, 4 Dec 1998 22:42:54 -0600 (CST) Message-ID: <3668B9F3.65FA0BBC@flash.net> Date: Fri, 04 Dec 1998 21:43:32 -0700 From: Jeff Vollin X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1927] GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <3663FE0C.F7C8F65F@clark.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Tom: A great piece of work, thanks. Is there anything resonant about the dimensions of the choke rings? I believe the choke rings on waveguide flanges are resonant cavities, although I can't seem to find a description in any of my engineering books. (Ancient stuff I guess. I may have to look it up in the Rad Lab series.) I was just about to scale the waveguide choke flange dimensions to 1575 when you posted your info. Jeff Vollin, KC6WFU Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI) wrote: > > > In that same directory on aleph are some JPEG photos concerning choke- > ring antennas: > > $30,000+ of commercial geodetic choke-ring antennas I collected for > recent anechoic chamber tests. This collection is from 4 of the 5 > manufacturers of (nearly) identical antennas cloned from a JPL design. > These are typical of the antennas used at most of the IGS and CORS > sites. They are ~14.5" in diameter, and are milled from a solid > 15" x 15" x 4" block of aluminum. For scale, the grooves have 1" > width and are 2.5" deep. One of my research activities concerns the > calibration of the phase center at the mm-level. From tac@clark.net Fri Dec 04 23:28:55 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id XAA22042 for ; Fri, 4 Dec 1998 23:28:52 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Sat, 5 Dec 1998 00:28:51 -0500 Message-Id: <3668C491.729F27A5@clark.net> Date: Sat, 05 Dec 1998 05:28:49 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1952] Re: GPS Antenna design drawings and photos References: <3668B9F3.65FA0BBC@flash.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Jeff Vollin wrote: > > Tom: > A great piece of work, thanks. Is there anything resonant about the > dimensions of the choke rings? I believe the choke rings on waveguide > flanges are resonant cavities, although I can't seem to find a > description in any of my engineering books. (Ancient stuff I guess. > I may have to look it up in the Rad Lab series.) I was just about to > scale the waveguide choke flange dimensions to 1575 when you posted > your info. Yes, the rings are resonant, and should be a quarter-wave deep. Since each ring are shorted at the bottom, they look like an open-circuit at the top. Since 1575 MHz = 19cm, a quarter-wave = 5 cm = 2", hence the reason for looking for 2" deep pans. The phase center of the feed wants to be approximately in the plane of the rings, this is the reason that the 1.5" outlet box is about the right height. The center section should be about a half-wave, hence the 4" diameter outlet box cover used as a ground-plane. Fortunately, the 2" pans/caps I found are slightly under-sized, so they really are very close to a quarter-wave deep. And fortunately none of the dimensions are too critical, so you can make good use of whatever parts are about the correct size. I had intended to write a how/why treatise for this project, but haven't gotten to it yet (maybe over Xmas?). But since there was so much interest in the project, I decided to go ahead and make the photos public. FYI -- I'll be away for the next week attending the American Geophysical Union meeting in SFO, so don't expect any rapid responses/rejoinders. 73, Tom From tac@clark.net Sat Dec 05 00:23:37 1998 Received: from aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov (aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov [128.183.201.86]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id AAA02939 for ; Sat, 5 Dec 1998 00:23:36 -0600 (CST) Received: from clark.net (tac.clark.net) by aleph.gsfc.nasa.gov; Sat, 5 Dec 1998 01:23:34 -0500 Message-Id: <3668D165.6C448265@clark.net> Date: Sat, 05 Dec 1998 06:23:33 +0000 From: "Dr Thomas A Clark (W3IWI)" Reply-To: tac@clark.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en Mime-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: Rubber Ducky References: <199812031301.IAA28816@meow.febo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I have to make two minor corrections. The album "The First Family" didn't come out until 1962, so my cronology was slightly incorrect. The recording session was on Oct.22, 1962. Also, the comedian's neame is Vaughn Meader (not Meador). All this was gleaned by looking at a GIF version of the album cover sent to me by WB2TNL. ----------------------------------------------------- A search of http://snap.com for "Vaughn Meader" returns 4 pages of mostly irrelvant hits, including: On http://home.pacbell.net/john14/62hi-lites.html you will find the following item confirming the 1962 date: > 1962 (15 Dec) Vaughn Meader's "The 1st Family," album goes > #1 & stays #1 for 12 wks On http://metaverse.com/grammy/winners.html you will find that "First Family" was Album of the Year in 1962, and that Tony Bennett's "I Left My Heart in SFO" was Record of the Year. 73, Tom From ssampson@usa-site.net Sat Dec 05 07:04:27 1998 Received: from access.usa-site.net (access.usa-site.net [209.140.34.130]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id HAA19100 for ; Sat, 5 Dec 1998 07:04:26 -0600 (CST) Received: (from ssampson@localhost) by access.usa-site.net (8.8.5/8.8.5) id HAA18940 for tacgps@tapr.org; Sat, 5 Dec 1998 07:04:25 -0600 From: Steve Sampson Message-Id: <199812051304.HAA18940@access.usa-site.net> Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1954] Re: Rubber Ducky To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Sat, 5 Dec 1998 07:04:24 -0600 (CST) In-Reply-To: <3668D165.6C448265@clark.net> from "Dr Thomas A Clark" at Dec 5, 98 00:23:58 am Content-Type: text Wow, .. also the Beverly Hillbillys first show, and Evander Hollyfield was born with two ears! Steve > ----------------------------------------------------- > > A search of http://snap.com for "Vaughn Meader" returns 4 pages of > mostly irrelvant hits, including: > > On http://home.pacbell.net/john14/62hi-lites.html you will find the > following item confirming the 1962 date: > > 1962 (15 Dec) Vaughn Meader's "The 1st Family," album goes > > #1 & stays #1 for 12 wks > > On http://metaverse.com/grammy/winners.html you will find that "First > Family" was Album of the Year in 1962, and that Tony Bennett's "I Left > My Heart in SFO" was Record of the Year. > > 73, Tom From davem@cs.ubc.ca Tue Dec 08 13:57:49 1998 Received: from pedigree.cs.ubc.ca (root@pedigree.cs.ubc.ca [142.103.6.50]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id NAA23838 for ; Tue, 8 Dec 1998 13:57:48 -0600 (CST) Received: from [198.162.38.159] (davem.home.cs.ubc.ca [198.162.38.159]) by pedigree.cs.ubc.ca (8.8.8/8.6.9) with ESMTP id LAA28117 for ; Tue, 8 Dec 1998 11:57:41 -0800 (PST) X-Sender: davem@mail.cs.ubc.ca Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <3668C491.729F27A5@clark.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 8 Dec 1998 11:56:19 -0800 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: Dave Martindale Subject: a different sort of antenna I have a somewhat different antenna question. I need a simple, no-tune, easy-to-build antenna for radiating low power at the L1 frequency. A couple of years ago I wanted to use an external antenna with my GPS-38, which has no provision for that. I built a battery-powered 5 V power supply to provide power to a Trimble active antenna without the help of the GPS. Then I fed the GPS signal to a simple antenna that could be attached to the top of the GPS with tape or rubber band. The signal is re-radiated by this simple antenna, and picked up the the 38's internal patch antenna. It works quite well - not quite equal to connecting the same antenna directly to a GPS with an antenna jack, but better than the 38's own antenna. A description of my project in more detail can be found at http://vancouver-webpages.com/peter/extant.txt The original re-radiating antenna I used was a simple full-wave loop: 190 mm of ordinary house wire, probably 14 gauge, bent into a square and fed at the corner with coax. I also tried an "infinite balun" arrangement, making a one-wavelength loop out of RG-174 with the feedpoint half-way around the loop from where the loop is joined. Both of these worked about equally well, with no apparent actual advantage for the infinite balun arrangement. However, both of these require a certain amount of fiddling to build. I'd like a design that can be reproduced accurately and easily with little work. I tried building a one-wavelength loop on PC board material (single-sided), but even though the loop circumference is the same, it performs significantly worse than the unsupported-wire and coax loops. Now, could this just be losses in the glass-epoxy board material? Or is it that a loop on glass-epoxy has a sufficiently lower velocity of propagation even when one-sided board is used (this isn't microstrip) that I'm now operating well off resonance? I haven't been able to get at 1.6 GHz test equipment so far, so this is all guessing on my part. Of course I could use any commercial passive antenna, patch or helix or whatever, as my re-radiator. But this is too expensive, and most of them are also too large to tape to the top of a GPS. And I don't really need circular polarization or narrow bandwidth for interference rejection. All I need is a cheap, simple, small, no-tune radiator for 1.575 GHz. What other designs might work well? A small loop (less than 1/10 wavelength) would be an attractive size, but needs to be tuned to resonance with a capacitor - that doesn't seem practical. A half-wave dipole is possible, but somewhat long. Same goes for a sleeve dipole. I've also seen a commercially-made tiny helical, about 5 mm diameter and 70 mm long, that works well - but apparently those are hand-tuned by pruning wire from the helix while measuring with a network analyzer or something similar. Can anyone suggest other designs that I should look at? (This probably isn't of interest to the whole list, so email to me is likely more appropriate). Dave From W4OQM@aol.com Tue Dec 08 21:17:22 1998 Received: from imo22.mx.aol.com (imo22.mx.aol.com [198.81.17.66]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id VAA17131 for ; Tue, 8 Dec 1998 21:17:21 -0600 (CST) From: W4OQM@aol.com Received: from W4OQM@aol.com by imo22.mx.aol.com (IMOv18.1) id 0JNFa17654 for ; Tue, 8 Dec 1998 21:58:34 +1900 (EST) Message-ID: Date: Tue, 8 Dec 1998 21:58:34 EST To: tacgps@tapr.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1956] a different sort of antenna Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 3.0 for Mac sub 84 Dave, Several comments: I wouldn't give up on the monofilar axial-mode version of the helix (the Kraus coil). One benefit of this type of helix antenna is that it's rather broad- banded. Figure 7-19 [KRAUS] shows that the helix pattern holds up pretty well for +/-25% variation in frequency. For a fixed frequency application like you're talking about, this benefit translates into imprecise construction practices. A 1-1/2 turn helix should do fine. At 1.6 GHz., the helix would be about 2.3 inches in diameter. Not real small, but not large either. If the re-radiating antenna is taped to the top of the GPS unit, then the re- radiating antenna and the patch antenna in the GPS unit are in each other's near-field. This messes up most predictions about the behavior of the system. I suppose you could mount the re-radiating antenna on the ceiling of the room you have the GPS unit in. I'm curious about the dimensions that you gave of the commercially made helix. They seem too small to be for 1.6 GHz. Lambda is 18.75 cm, so 5 mm diameter makes C==0.084*lambda. According to figure 7-10 [KRAUS], this would be a normal-mode helix (like the rubber duckie) as opposed to an axial-mode helix (like a satellite antenna). I'm also curious whether you need to orient the two antennas to prevent oscillation? An interesting problem. 73, Charlie -- W4OQM c.wells@ieee.org Reference: [KRAUS] Kraus, J. D., Antennas, 2nd ed., 1987, McGraw-Hill. From davem@cs.ubc.ca Wed Dec 09 02:27:23 1998 Received: from pedigree.cs.ubc.ca (root@pop.cs.ubc.ca [142.103.6.51]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id CAA04889 for ; Wed, 9 Dec 1998 02:27:22 -0600 (CST) Received: from [198.162.38.159] (davem.home.cs.ubc.ca [198.162.38.159]) by pedigree.cs.ubc.ca (8.8.8/8.6.9) with ESMTP id AAA22822 for ; Wed, 9 Dec 1998 00:27:18 -0800 (PST) X-Sender: davem@mail.cs.ubc.ca Message-Id: In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Wed, 9 Dec 1998 00:21:46 -0800 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: Dave Martindale Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1957] Re: a different sort of antenna About the axial mode helix: I've built one of these as an experiment as a receiving antenna. It does work. It would likely work quite well attached to the ceiling in a fixed-location application, and a number of extra turns would make it more directional to concentrate the energy toward the GPS, even if there was 5 feet of air in between. But it's really not practical for attaching to a hand-held GPS, even at only 1.5 turns. >I'm curious about the dimensions that you gave of the commercially made helix. >They seem too small to be for 1.6 GHz. Lambda is 18.75 cm, so 5 mm diameter >makes C==0.084*lambda. According to figure 7-10 [KRAUS], this would be a >normal-mode helix (like the rubber duckie) as opposed to an axial-mode helix >(like a satellite antenna). Yes, that's exactly what it is. It's a rubber duckie shrunk to the appropriate dimensions for 1.6 GHz. It doesn't have to be terribly efficient, since the preamp in the antenna provides a fair amount of gain. And it doesn't have to be circularly polarized either, since the patch antenna inside the GPS will receive linearly polarized radiation just fine. (And, as you point out, they are in each other's very near field). The question is: how can I duplicate it without test equipment? >I'm also curious whether you need to orient the two antennas to prevent >oscillation? I expect so. It's primarily intended for applications where the two antennas are not near each other - one is on the roof of a car while the other is inside the car, or one is on the roof of a house while the other is indoors, etc. Dave From W4OQM@aol.com Wed Dec 09 05:44:08 1998 Received: from imo29.mx.aol.com (imo29.mx.aol.com [198.81.17.73]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id FAA08242 for ; Wed, 9 Dec 1998 05:44:07 -0600 (CST) From: W4OQM@aol.com Received: from W4OQM@aol.com by imo29.mx.aol.com (IMOv18.1) id PAWPa19659 for ; Wed, 9 Dec 1998 06:42:53 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <98774498.366e623d@aol.com> Date: Wed, 9 Dec 1998 06:42:53 EST To: tacgps@tapr.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re^2: a different sort of antenna Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Mailer: AOL 3.0 for Mac sub 84 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by tapr.org id FAA08242 Dave, A couple more comments: 1. If you're sticking this radiating structure right to the top of the GPS unit, then I don't think it's productive to view this thing as an antenna. It's more of "one half of a coupling device". The feed-point impedance and the fields are remarkably difficult to predict in this situation. Remember, two loop antennas in close enough proximity, become a single device that is called a transformer. 2. The 26 dB gain referred to in your web-article is quite a bit to deal with. Cable loss and mismatch help, of course; but, without test equipment, I would think it difficult to determine if the active antenna system was oscillating. If it was oscillating, I would suspect that the system performance would go to pot. It may be that the differences in performance of the different configurations you tried were merely a matter of finding an orientation that didn't oscillate. This may account for the "certain amount of fiddling" that you experienced. Still an interesting problem. 73, Charlie – W4OQM c.wells@ieee.org From ve2mrx@amsat.org Sun Dec 13 00:56:30 1998 Received: from pop02.globecomm.net (pop02.globecomm.net [206.253.129.186]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id AAA01535 for ; Sun, 13 Dec 1998 00:56:29 -0600 (CST) Received: from ve2mrx (cust132.nrvmax4.mtl1.netrover.com [209.47.19.132]) by pop02.globecomm.net (8.9.0/8.8.0) with SMTP id BAA02806 for ; Sun, 13 Dec 1998 01:57:03 -0500 (EST) From: Sender: "Martin Boissonneault" To: Subject: RTCM SC-104 infos anyone??? Date: Sun, 13 Dec 1998 01:56:09 -0500 Message-ID: <000001be2665$b23199a0$84132fd1@ve2mrx> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2377.0 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3155.0 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <98774498.366e623d@aol.com> Hi all! Just a quickie: Anyone has infos on the format of a RTCM SC-104 message 1 and 9??? I have an Motorola Oncore VP and would like use it to send DGPS corrections on APRS. I know of the DGPSIB but it is out of my price range, at least for now. I already have a 6809 microcontroller board I can use for this. I do have the Oncore VP binary command reference guide. Thanks any and everyone, Martin VE2MRX [E_O_MSG] mailto:ve2mrx@amsat.org ---------------------------------------------------- From vk2tds@ozemail.com.au Fri Dec 18 04:33:26 1998 Received: from note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU (root@note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU [129.94.242.29]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id EAA19569 for ; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 04:33:24 -0600 (CST) Received: From ozemail.com.au ([129.94.15.63]) By note With Smtp ; Fri, 18 Dec 98 21:33:01 +1100 From: Darryl Smith To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1998 20:19:56 +1100 Message-ID: <3678CCBB.C3F125B3@ozemail.com.au> X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: Helical Antennae References: <199812130702.BAA01680@tapr.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit This may sound like a stupid question, but... Why isn't there a 140 Ohm resistor between the front unterminated end of the helical antena and ground? The reason for the question is that I dug out the only text book I have on the subject of these antennas, and they described how the thing works. They state that it is effectively a long wire antenna, but just twisted in a circle. I can see their point. In the long wire antenna of many wavelengths a resistor is used between the open end and ground to create a ballenced waveguide and reduce reflections. On a related matter, why don't antennas have an impedance of 377 ohms to balance that of free space? Darryl VK2TDS, Sydney, Australia From W4OQM@aol.com Fri Dec 18 12:16:02 1998 Received: from imo27.mx.aol.com (imo27.mx.aol.com [198.81.17.71]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA16732 for ; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 12:16:01 -0600 (CST) From: W4OQM@aol.com Received: from W4OQM@aol.com by imo27.mx.aol.com (IMOv18.1) id VCMPa22253 for ; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 13:15:16 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1998 13:15:16 EST To: tacgps@tapr.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1961] Helical Antennae Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 3.0 for Mac sub 84 In a message dated 12/18/98 5:45:45 AM, you wrote: >This may sound like a stupid question, but... > > Why isn't there a 140 Ohm resistor between the front unterminated end of >the >helical antena and ground? > >The reason for the question is that I dug out the only text book I have on the >subject >of these antennas, and they described how the thing works. They state that it is >effectively a long wire antenna, but just twisted in a circle. I can see their >point. > >In the long wire antenna of many wavelengths a resistor is used between the open >end >and ground to create a ballenced waveguide and reduce reflections. > > >On a related matter, why don't antennas have an impedance of 377 ohms to balance >that >of free space? Darryl, There are several types of helical antennas with different radiation patterns. The type of a helix is determined by the circumference (measured in wavelengths) and the pitch angle (measured in degrees). If you unwind one turn of the helix, it forms a right triangle. The pitch angle is one of the angles of this triangle. If you pull the wire straight, the pitch angle is 90 degrees. If you scrunch a single-turn helix down flat (into a ring), the pitch angle is 0 degrees. This is hard to describe in words, but easy to see in a picture. See figure 7-9 on page 243 in Kraus (the reference at the end of this email). 1. Axial mode helix (the Kraus Coil) -- This antenna is circularly polarized and radiates energy off the end. the axial mode helix is the workhorse of satellite communications. An axial mode helix has a circumference of about 0.75 to 1.25 wavelengths and a pitch angle of about 15 degrees. 2. Normal mode helix (the rubber ducky) -- This antenna is linearly polarized and radiates energy just like a dipole does (in a donut normal to the axis of the antenna). If the length of 1 turn of wire of a helical antenna is less than 0.5 wavelengths (for any pitch angle), then the helix radiates in the normal mode. The normal mode helix has a radiation pattern similar to a straight wire antenna, so I guess this is what your book is talking about. It's sort of like wrapping the wire antenna around a rod to make it smaller. The axial mode helix is an entirely different animal. There are actually other radiation modes of helical antennas, but these are the two most important (see figure 7-10 on page 243 in Kraus). The terminating resistor in certain HF long-wire antennas (the rhombic and the beverage) is used to absorb the reflected wave. This has the positive effect of modifying the pattern in a desirable way and has the negative effect of wasting transmitter power. If an antenna can be constructed that gives the correct pattern without the terminating resistor, then you have more power to radiate. This technique is rarely used at frequencies above HF. I've never seen it used on a helix antenna. The helix antenna gives an appropriate pattern without it. What the pattern would be with a terminating resistor on an axial mode helix is a very interesting question. I've never seen that analyzed. The 377 ohms impedance of free space requires some discussion. There is electromagnetic field theory and then there is circuit theory. Circuit theory (that we all learned) is a simplification of field theory that works for distances that are small compared to 1 wavelength. Field theory always works. It's just too complicated to use in most cases. Electromagnetic fields are made up of two components: an electric field and a magnetic field. It turns out that the ratio of the magnitudes of these two field components in free space is always a constant (377) and if you work out the math, the units are ohms. The resistance of a circuit (for a given voltage) is the resistance of that circuit to current. The resistance of freespace (for a given E-field) is the resistance of that space to H-field. These are related, but they are not the same thing (see p. 207 in Kraus). For the terminally curious: Kraus, J.K., Antennas, 2nd ed., 1988, McGraw- Hill. This is the definitive reference on the subject of helical antennas. John Kraus (W8JK) is the guy who invented the axial mode helix back in the 40s. The 1st edition of his book was written in 1950. Be aware that this is a graduate-level textbook, so it's not an "easy read." Your questions are good ones. Unfortunately, they touch on subject areas that aren't easy to explain. I hope this helps. 73, Charlie -- W4OQM c.wells@ieee.org From DBorcher@GI.com Fri Dec 18 15:21:58 1998 Received: from rock.gic.gi.com (gicout4.gic.gi.com [198.102.88.4]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id PAA25767 for ; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 15:21:55 -0600 (CST) Received: by rock.gic.gi.com; id QAA10818; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 16:29:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from htsmtp.gic.gi.com(168.84.143.23) by rock.gic.gi.com via smap (3.2) id xmaa10658; Fri, 18 Dec 98 16:29:17 -0500 Received: from htxchng0.gic.gi.com by HtSMTP.GIC.GI.com (PMDF V5.1-7 #23321) with ESMTP id <01J5HMSHW3U8000HIB@HtSMTP.GIC.GI.com> for tacgps@tapr.org; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 16:23:42 -0500 (EDT) Received: by htxchng0.gic.gi.com with Internet Mail Service (5.0.1460.8) id ; Fri, 18 Dec 1998 16:17:03 -0500 Content-return: allowed Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1998 09:49:55 -0500 From: "Borcher, David (NG-EX)" Subject: RE: [TACGPS:1961] Helical Antennae To: "'tacgps@tapr.org'" Message-id: <0A7F08DCFAFFD1119FE6006097C510D097A838@nogalesxch.nog.gi.com> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.0.1460.8) Content-type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" (...snip) On a related matter, why don't antennas have an impedance of 377 ohms to balance that of free space? The best answer I ever got on that question was that in effect the antenna is a transformer, transforming the 377 ohm free space impedance to whatever impedance you want at the feedpoint. Dave K7NG Tucson AZ From jra@febo.com Sat Dec 19 08:12:02 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA24218 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 08:12:01 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id JAA00167 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 09:12:00 -0500 Message-Id: <199812191412.JAA00167@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Frequency Electronics Standards? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1998 09:11:59 -0500 From: John Ackermann This is a bit off topic, but I know there are some folks here who are into frequncy standards. I have a unique device manufactured by Frequency Electronics. It's a "Precision Synthesizer" model FE 6018A and incorporates a 5MHz FE-10A frequency standard that appears to be of pretty good quality. The whole unit provides outputs at 5kc sine and square wave, 500kc, 505kc, 50mc, 100mc, and 100.005mc in addition to the 5mc output from the standard. (It's fun to type "mc" instead of "MHz"!) I've done a web search, and it looks like Frequency Electronics is in business, but they don't have any web presence and I haven't been able to find any info about these units on the web. Anybody know anything about this beast? More specifically, I'd be interested in knowing specs of the FE-10A standard to see whether it should be my primary quartz standard (the other option is a very old Sulzer model 2.5). John N8UR jra@febo.com From jra@febo.com Sat Dec 19 10:19:50 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA28342 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 10:19:49 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA00392 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 11:19:47 -0500 Message-Id: <199812191619.LAA00392@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Frequency dividers and distribution Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1998 11:19:47 -0500 From: John Ackermann Another frequency-related post (sorry...) With the work that's been done on TOC, etc., has anyone thought about circuits to divide and distribute frequency standard outputs? For example, the Efratom rubidium standards have a single 10MHz output, and the Frequency Electronics standard I mentioned in my other post has a single 5MHz output. It would be nice to generate additional buffered outputs at the fundamental frequency, and also to create 1MHz and 100kHz signals to drive equipment that requires those. I presume you could use some class of TTL circuits to do the division and provide buffering, but what devices would be optimum? And, how best to handle the sine wave input from the standard to get a low jitter drive for the devices? Finally, how much filtering would be necessary to turn the square wave output of the digital circuits into a clean enough waveform to drive older test equipment that wants to see something sine-like for its input (I'm thinking maybe two or three low-pass sections following the digital output)? Lots of questions, I know... my goal is to come up with a little PC board that could be configured to take several different input frequencies and deliver half a dozen or so filtered at various frequencies depending on the divider setting and the LPF components used. Thanks, John N8UR jra@febo.com From dhaselwood@ij.net Sat Dec 19 15:53:19 1998 Received: from solomon (solomon.ij.net [207.22.166.254]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id PAA08816 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 15:53:19 -0600 (CST) Received: from [209.4.47.250] by solomon (NTMail 3.02.13) with ESMTP id ia871398 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 16:57:46 -0500 Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19981219151427.0079eec0@POP3.ij.net> X-Sender: dhaselwood@POP3.ij.net (Unverified) X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32) Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1998 15:14:27 -0500 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: Donald E Haselwood Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1965] Frequency dividers and distribution Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" John, My thinking has been along the lines of an xtal oscillator and phase-locked loop, with the Rb providing the reference freq. The xtal osc could be any freq that is 10 Mhz * N/R (where N and R are integers). The loop needs a long time constant so as to remove the (small 128 Hz) fm'ing in the Rb 10 Mhz signal (since the Rb unit fm's the 10 Mhz xtal slightly to implement the phase-locking to the Rb cell). This one is on my "project list" but isn't on top at the moment. 73's Don, W4DH At 10:20 AM 12/19/98 -0600, you wrote: >Another frequency-related post (sorry...) > >With the work that's been done on TOC, etc., has anyone thought about >circuits to divide and distribute frequency standard outputs? > >For example, the Efratom rubidium standards have a single 10MHz output, >and the Frequency Electronics standard I mentioned in my other post has >a single 5MHz output. It would be nice to generate additional buffered >outputs at the fundamental frequency, and also to create 1MHz and >100kHz signals to drive equipment that requires those. > >I presume you could use some class of TTL circuits to do the division >and provide buffering, but what devices would be optimum? And, how >best to handle the sine wave input from the standard to get a low >jitter drive for the devices? Finally, how much filtering would be >necessary to turn the square wave output of the digital circuits into a >clean enough waveform to drive older test equipment that wants to see >something sine-like for its input (I'm thinking maybe two or three >low-pass sections following the digital output)? > >Lots of questions, I know... my goal is to come up with a little PC >board that could be configured to take several different input >frequencies and deliver half a dozen or so filtered at various >frequencies depending on the divider setting and the LPF components >used. > >Thanks, > >John N8UR >jra@febo.com > > > From jra@febo.com Sat Dec 19 16:39:19 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA10573 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 16:39:17 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id RAA01024 for ; Sat, 19 Dec 1998 17:39:13 -0500 Message-Id: <199812192239.RAA01024@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1966] Re: Frequency dividers and distribution In-reply-to: Your message of "Sat, 19 Dec 1998 15:59:06 CST." <3.0.6.32.19981219151427.0079eec0@POP3.ij.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1998 17:39:13 -0500 From: John Ackermann Hi Don -- That's a more elegant solution than I had in mind. What I'm trying to do (I think...) is emulate with modern devices the multiple dividers and outputs that some standards offer, or that something like a Fluke distribution amplifier provides. For example, my old Sulzer 2.5 has dividers to provide 1 MHz and 100kHz from the 2.5 MHz fundamental. They're funky analog feedback systems that require pushing a start button, but they work. John > John, > > My thinking has been along the lines of an xtal oscillator and phase-locked > loop, with the Rb providing the reference freq. The xtal osc could be any > freq that is 10 Mhz * N/R (where N and R are integers). The loop needs a > long time constant so as to remove the (small 128 Hz) fm'ing in the Rb 10 > Mhz signal (since the Rb unit fm's the 10 Mhz xtal slightly to implement > the phase-locking to the Rb cell). This one is on my "project list" but > isn't on top at the moment. > > 73's > Don, W4DH > > > At 10:20 AM 12/19/98 -0600, you wrote: > >Another frequency-related post (sorry...) > > > >With the work that's been done on TOC, etc., has anyone thought about > >circuits to divide and distribute frequency standard outputs? > > > >For example, the Efratom rubidium standards have a single 10MHz output, > >and the Frequency Electronics standard I mentioned in my other post has > >a single 5MHz output. It would be nice to generate additional buffered > >outputs at the fundamental frequency, and also to create 1MHz and > >100kHz signals to drive equipment that requires those. > > > >I presume you could use some class of TTL circuits to do the division > >and provide buffering, but what devices would be optimum? And, how > >best to handle the sine wave input from the standard to get a low > >jitter drive for the devices? Finally, how much filtering would be > >necessary to turn the square wave output of the digital circuits into a > >clean enough waveform to drive older test equipment that wants to see > >something sine-like for its input (I'm thinking maybe two or three > >low-pass sections following the digital output)? > > > >Lots of questions, I know... my goal is to come up with a little PC > >board that could be configured to take several different input > >frequencies and deliver half a dozen or so filtered at various > >frequencies depending on the divider setting and the LPF components > >used. > > > >Thanks, > > > >John N8UR > >jra@febo.com > > > > > > From vk2tds@ozemail.com.au Sun Dec 20 00:23:25 1998 Received: from note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU (root@note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU [129.94.242.29]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id AAA14036 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 00:23:23 -0600 (CST) Received: From ozemail.com.au ([129.94.14.191]) By note With Smtp ; Sun, 20 Dec 98 17:22:59 +1100 From: Darryl Smith To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 17:18:55 +1100 Message-ID: <367C96CD.9B69AB67@ozemail.com.au> X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re: Helical antenna References: <199812191041.EAA10781@tapr.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Thanks to you both for your comments. I have ordered a copy of the book by Kraus. I would expect to get that sometime in the first month or 2 of next year. Having though about the problem more I supose the resistor is not needed if the length of the coil is exactly the correct length. What I might do is the following experiment. Over the period of 2 weeks I will have the helical on the roof. For the 1st week I will not have the resistor in, and for the 2nd I will have it there. I will monitor the satelite strengths vs. Al/El and compare them at the end of the test period. With this data I should be able to plot a radiation pattern for the antenna in Excel or MatLAB. I have found that both the Helical and also the capacitor type antennae both work well for GPS when you add a minicircuits amplifier. I used a MAR-6 and later realised that this did not have the gain of some of the other IC's. Also those interested in GPS recievers might want to check out http://www.sigem.ca . They have SIM module (30 pin!!!) GPS recievers. Darryl VK2TDS From bobsmith@mail.i2020.net Sun Dec 20 08:34:57 1998 Received: from mail.i2020.net (mail.i2020.net [204.77.129.19]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA02152 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 08:34:57 -0600 (CST) Received: from OZZIE ([204.232.10.36]) by mail.i2020.net (Post.Office MTA v3.1 release PO203a ID# 0-55555U2500L250S0) with SMTP id AAB14399 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:43:24 -0500 X-Sender: bobsmith@mail.i2020.net X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:34:39 -0500 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: "Robert L. Smith" Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1965] Frequency dividers and distribution Message-ID: <19981220144319.AAB14399@OZZIE> At 10:20 AM 12/19/98 -0600, you wrote: >Another frequency-related post (sorry...) > >With the work that's been done on TOC, etc., has anyone thought about >circuits to divide and distribute frequency standard outputs? > >For example, the Efratom rubidium standards have a single 10MHz output, >and the Frequency Electronics standard I mentioned in my other post has >a single 5MHz output. It would be nice to generate additional buffered >outputs at the fundamental frequency, and also to create 1MHz and >100kHz signals to drive equipment that requires those. > >I presume you could use some class of TTL circuits to do the division >and provide buffering, but what devices would be optimum? And, how >best to handle the sine wave input from the standard to get a low >jitter drive for the devices? Finally, how much filtering would be >necessary to turn the square wave output of the digital circuits into a >clean enough waveform to drive older test equipment that wants to see >something sine-like for its input (I'm thinking maybe two or three >low-pass sections following the digital output)? John -- The usual techinque that I have seen for converting square wave to sine wave involves converting the square wave to a triangle wave and then do some shaping and filtering on that. There are a number of IC's about that generate square/triangle/sine wave outputs using those techniques. Look for "function generator" chips. However most of those that I recall operate in the audio range. I don't know if you can find any at 5-10 MHz. You may have to do this with wideband op-amp integrators, etc. Distribution with minimum phase jitter/noise requires the use of mostly linear techinques I think. There are many op-amps around that are intended for video distribution into low-Z cables. Some of these with verification testing would probably accomplish your goal. 73, Bob Smith, WA4YPV > >Lots of questions, I know... my goal is to come up with a little PC >board that could be configured to take several different input >frequencies and deliver half a dozen or so filtered at various >frequencies depending on the divider setting and the LPF components >used. > >Thanks, > >John N8UR >jra@febo.com > > > ---- Avoid computer viruses -- Practice safe hex -------------- * * Specializing in small, cost effective embedded control systems * * Robert L. (Bob) Smith Smith Machine Works, Inc. internet bobsmith@i2020.net 9900 Lumlay Road landline 804/745-1065 Richmond, Virginia 23236+1004 From bobsmith@mail.i2020.net Sun Dec 20 08:35:09 1998 Received: from mail.i2020.net (mail.i2020.net [204.77.129.19]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA02172 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 08:35:08 -0600 (CST) Received: from OZZIE ([204.232.10.36]) by mail.i2020.net (Post.Office MTA v3.1 release PO203a ID# 0-55555U2500L250S0) with SMTP id AAA14399 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:43:21 -0500 X-Sender: bobsmith@mail.i2020.net X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:34:35 -0500 To: tacgps@tapr.org From: "Robert L. Smith" Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1964] Frequency Electronics Standards? Message-ID: <19981220144319.AAA14399@OZZIE> At 08:13 AM 12/19/98 -0600, you wrote: >This is a bit off topic, but I know there are some folks here who are >into frequncy standards. > >I have a unique device manufactured by Frequency Electronics. It's a >"Precision Synthesizer" model FE 6018A and incorporates a 5MHz FE-10A >frequency standard that appears to be of pretty good quality. The >whole unit provides outputs at 5kc sine and square wave, 500kc, 505kc, >50mc, 100mc, and 100.005mc in addition to the 5mc output from the >standard. (It's fun to type "mc" instead of "MHz"!) > >I've done a web search, and it looks like Frequency Electronics is in >business, but they don't have any web presence and I haven't been able >to find any info about these units on the web. John -- I did business with Frequency Electronics many years ago (circa 1966) on a military communications project. At that time the company was founded by and headed by a Mr. Martin Bloc (dredging up old memories here, spelling may not be correct). They were located on Long Island and I think later moved further out onto Long Island. My impression at the time was that they made very good frequency standards and were sensitive to such issues as short vs. long term stability and phase noise. I have one of their 10MHz standards here that was rescued from the trash bin at the end of the aforementioned project. It is a simple quartz standard, dual proportional oven in Dewar flask and has ticked along here quite nicely for many, many years. I know nothing of the synthesized standard you speak of, they probably came after my contacts with the company. I was offered a job with the firm and was VERY tempted to accept, but being an old Illinois country boy I declined the New York/Long Island life style. Have you tried EEM, checking the Yellow Pages of the 1986/87 issue I find -- Frequency Electrns, 55 Charles Lindbergh Blvd. Mitchel Field, NY 11553 Tel: 516/794-4500, TWX: 510-223-0418 Empl: 350, Sls Mgr: A. Lazar The above information is consistent with my recollections. They list a number of sales offices. In "8 land" I find Cleveland, OH - Tiby Co. - 216-371-5335 Good Luck, Bob Smith > >Anybody know anything about this beast? More specifically, I'd be >interested in knowing specs of the FE-10A standard to see whether it >should be my primary quartz standard (the other option is a very old >Sulzer model 2.5). > >John N8UR >jra@febo.com > ---- Avoid computer viruses -- Practice safe hex -------------- * * Specializing in small, cost effective embedded control systems * * Robert L. (Bob) Smith Smith Machine Works, Inc. internet bobsmith@i2020.net 9900 Lumlay Road landline 804/745-1065 Richmond, Virginia 23236+1004 From W4OQM@aol.com Sun Dec 20 09:16:44 1998 Received: from imo29.mx.aol.com (imo29.mx.aol.com [198.81.17.73]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id JAA03366 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:16:43 -0600 (CST) From: W4OQM@aol.com Received: from W4OQM@aol.com by imo29.mx.aol.com (IMOv18.1) id VVVYa19660 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 10:15:56 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <682382d8.367d14ac@aol.com> Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 10:15:56 EST To: tacgps@tapr.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1968] Re: Helical antenna Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 3.0 for Mac sub 84 Darryl, My intent in referencing Kraus' book was that you might go find it at your local university library and refer to it. While, IMHO, Kraus is the definitive reference on helical antennas, there are several comments that you or anyone else needs to consider before going out and buying the book. 1. The caveat in my original email stands. This is a graduate-level engineering textbook; and, as such, it is not easy to understand. 2. While most textbooks on antenna theory seem to devote a 10 page section to helical antennas, Kraus devotes a 75-page chapter. The treatment is quite complete. There is even a 12-page section entitled PRACTICAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE MONIFILIAR AXIAL-MODE HELICAL ANTENNA (sect 7-4). This is quite unusual for a theoretical text. 3. Kraus isn't my first choice for a general textbook on antenna theory. There are other texts that are better organized. 4. For a more practical treatment of all kinds of antennas, a good reference is the Antenna Engineering Handbook, 3rd ed., 1993, McGraw-Hill, edited by Richard C. Johnson (there may be a more recent edition). The 24-page section on helical antennas includes some 60 references. If a ham wants something a bit more theory than the ARRL books and doesn't mind spending $130, this is the one I'd recommend. It's quite full of practical equations, charts, graphs and radiation pattern plots. It's also remarkably broad in its coverage of all facets of antenna design and related subjects. It does not have construction articles. (Note: I am NOT knocking the ARRL antenna books here). The treatment of antennas that different people find useful varies. At the prices the booksellers get for these books, it's probably best to browse through several before choosing one and buying it. 73, Charlie -- W4OQM c.wells@ieee.org From jra@febo.com Sun Dec 20 09:27:49 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id JAA03726 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 09:27:48 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA15679 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 10:27:47 -0500 Message-Id: <199812201527.KAA15679@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1970] Re: Frequency Electronics Standards? In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 20 Dec 1998 08:39:49 CST." <19981220144319.AAA14399@OZZIE> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 10:27:47 -0500 From: John Ackermann Bob, thanks for all the info! The unit I have is a rack-mounted box with the standard as a separate unit (about 5 inches square) mounted in the front panel. The synthesizer also bolts into the front panel, so they apparently had a pretty modular design. The standard has a 5mc output and the synthesizer generates a set of interesting frequencies (each available on its own front panel BNC). I have no idea what it was used for, but it's an interesting toy! Actually, I've found the 50 and 100 MHz outputs to be useful for doing quick calibrations of cheap frequency counters. Anyway, on Monday I'll try to give them a ring and see if any info is available. I've had all my standards turned off since I moved a couple of years ago, and just this weekend got my WWVB comparator receiver working and the Sulzer 2.5 standard fired up. My real goal is to get the Efratrom Rb that I picked up a few years ago on line; that's mainly a matter of some packaging and getting a divider chain working (per my other post). Thanks again, and happy holidays! 73, John From ebs@lanl.gov Sun Dec 20 13:25:57 1998 Received: from lawyer.lanl.gov (root@lawyer.lanl.gov [128.165.205.222]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id NAA11148 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 13:25:56 -0600 (CST) Received: from [128.165.7.178] (transitory22.lanl.gov [128.165.7.178]) by lawyer.lanl.gov (8.8.8/8.8.5) with SMTP id MAA23532 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 12:25:52 -0700 (MST) Message-Id: <199812201925.MAA23532@lawyer.lanl.gov> Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1972] Re: Frequency Electronics Standards? Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 12:28:12 -0700 x-sender: ebs@biophysics.lanl.gov x-mailer: Claris Emailer 2.0v3, January 22, 1998 From: Brooks Shera To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" John You might be interested in the clever 1-chip (PIC) frequency divider by Tom Van Baak (tvb@veritas.com) that takes a 10 MHz input and produces 9 square wave outputs - one for each frequency decade from 100 kHz to 0.001 Hz (1000 s period). The source code is on my gps-controlled frequency standard webpage at www.rt66.com/~shera And maybe you'll want to lock that Rb to GPS. :-0 73, Brooks >I've had all my standards turned off since I moved a couple of years >ago, and just this weekend got my WWVB comparator receiver working and >the Sulzer 2.5 standard fired up. My real goal is to get the Efratrom >Rb that I picked up a few years ago on line; that's mainly a matter of >some packaging and getting a divider chain working (per my other post). From brooke@pacific.net Sun Dec 20 13:55:39 1998 Received: from pacific.net (root@pacific.pacific.net [199.4.80.1]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id NAA12395 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 13:55:38 -0600 (CST) Received: from pacific.net (clay3a-35.pacific.net [199.4.95.93]) by pacific.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id LAA14923 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 11:55:36 -0800 (PST) Message-ID: <367D5636.9D50BB5E@pacific.net> Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 11:55:35 -0800 From: Brooke Clarke X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Frequency dividers and distribution References: <199812201044.EAA17647@tapr.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > Hi: Brooks Shea has the source code for a PIC 16C84 based divider on his web page. http://www.rt66.com/~shera/ 73, Brooke N6GCE From jra@febo.com Sun Dec 20 14:42:08 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id OAA14499 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 14:42:07 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id PAA16195 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 15:42:05 -0500 Message-Id: <199812202042.PAA16195@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1973] Re: Frequency Electronics Standards? In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 20 Dec 1998 13:26:13 CST." <199812201925.MAA23532@lawyer.lanl.gov> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 15:42:05 -0500 From: John Ackermann > John > > You might be interested in the clever 1-chip (PIC) frequency divider by > Tom Van Baak (tvb@veritas.com) that takes a 10 MHz input and produces > 9 square wave outputs - one for each frequency decade from 100 kHz to > 0.001 Hz (1000 s period). > > The source code is on my gps-controlled frequency standard webpage at > www.rt66.com/~shera > > And maybe you'll want to lock that Rb to GPS. :-0 > > 73, Brooks > Hi Brooks -- Thanks for the pointer to the PIC design. My ultimate plan is to get the Rb synced to GPS; that's about step 4 in the process... 73, John From vk2tds@ozemail.com.au Sun Dec 20 15:31:39 1998 Received: from note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU (root@note.orchestra.cse.unsw.EDU.AU [129.94.242.29]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id PAA16343 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 15:31:37 -0600 (CST) Received: From ozemail.com.au ([129.94.15.112]) By note With Smtp ; Mon, 21 Dec 98 08:31:17 +1100 From: Darryl Smith To: tacgps@tapr.org Date: Mon, 21 Dec 1998 08:27:10 +1100 Message-ID: <367D6BAD.3A35F199@ozemail.com.au> X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: Frequency Electronics Standards? References: <199812201044.EAA17647@tapr.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > I have a unique device manufactured by Frequency Electronics. It's a > "Precision Synthesizer" model FE 6018A and incorporates a 5MHz FE-10A > frequency standard that appears to be of pretty good quality. The > whole unit provides outputs at 5kc sine and square wave, 500kc, 505kc, > 50mc, 100mc, and 100.005mc in addition to the 5mc output from the > standard. (It's fun to type "mc" instead of "MHz"!) I have not come across this unit, but Electronics Australia released a couple of similar units as kits. They were based on Xtal oscilators in an oven, phase locked to the 15625 Hz of the some of the local TV stations. And the reports were that the unit could stay within 10 parts of the standard used by the TV station. It had similar outputs. It would be interersting to combine this with the TAC and a GPS. Darryl VK2TDS From jpringle@tampabay.rr.com Sun Dec 20 16:07:36 1998 Received: from mail-atm.tampabay.rr.com (tampabay.rr.com [24.92.0.1]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA18018 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 16:07:36 -0600 (CST) Received: from john (dt0c2na3.tampabay.rr.com [24.92.31.163]) by mail-atm.tampabay.rr.com (8.8.7/8.8.8+RoadRunner) with SMTP id RAA04348 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 17:06:17 -0500 (EST) From: "John K. Pringle" To: "TAC-2 mail list" Subject: Re: Frequency dividers and distribution Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 17:08:34 -0500 Message-ID: <000901be2c65$490a8da0$a31f5c18@john.tampabay.rr.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2377.0 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4 Importance: Normal A couple of months ago Tom Clark published a neat little circuit for producing multiple output frequencies from a standard phase-locked to GPS. In one of his posts, Tom asked if there was enough interest in such a device to pursue further development/distribution. I replied in the affirmative but saw no other posts showing much interest and heard no more from Tom on the subject so apparently it was dropped. Maybe now is the time to revive some interest. 73 John W4SF From jra@febo.com Sun Dec 20 18:23:38 1998 Received: from meow.febo.com (root@meow.febo.com [209.115.70.194]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id SAA22354 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 18:23:36 -0600 (CST) Received: from meow.febo.com (jra@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by meow.febo.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id TAA16777 for ; Sun, 20 Dec 1998 19:23:35 -0500 Message-Id: <199812210023.TAA16777@meow.febo.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0.2 2/24/98 (debian) To: tacgps@tapr.org Subject: Re: [TACGPS:1976] Frequency Electronics Standards? In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 20 Dec 1998 15:37:11 CST." <367D6BAD.3A35F199@ozemail.com.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Sun, 20 Dec 1998 19:23:34 -0500 From: John Ackermann > > > > I have a unique device manufactured by Frequency Electronics. It's a > > "Precision Synthesizer" model FE 6018A and incorporates a 5MHz FE-10A > > frequency standard that appears to be of pretty good quality. The > > whole unit provides outputs at 5kc sine and square wave, 500kc, 505kc, > > 50mc, 100mc, and 100.005mc in addition to the 5mc output from the > > standard. (It's fun to type "mc" instead of "MHz"!) > > I have not come across this unit, but Electronics Australia released a couple of > similar units as kits. They were based on Xtal oscilators in an oven, phase locked to > the 15625 Hz of the some of the local TV stations. And the reports were that the unit > could stay within 10 parts of the standard used by the TV station. It had similar > outputs. It would be interersting to combine this with the TAC and a GPS. > > Darryl VK2TDS Hi Darryl -- You used to be able to do something similar in the US, when the network colorburst signal came from highly stable oscillators. But these days the digital stuff they do destroys the traceability. This thing appears to be a pre-IC set of dividers and PLLs to generate several discrete freqencies from one highly stable source. Since I've learned that this company does a lot of space-related stuff, I suspect this may have been used for some sort of telemetry system. John From wd5ivd@tapr.org Tue Dec 29 00:58:42 1998 Received: from [207.43.172.66] ([207.43.172.66]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id AAA01477; Tue, 29 Dec 1998 00:58:33 -0600 (CST) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Message-Id: Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1998 00:57:57 -0600 To: "HF SIG list mailing", " Spread Spectrum ", " TAPR/AMSAT DSP ", "APRS SIG list mailing", "NETSIG list mailing", "BBS SIG list mailing", " tacgps ", aprsnews, mic-e, TAPR Regional Freq From: "Greg Jones, WD5IVD" Subject: TAPR FTP Site Cc: "Bill Westradio Pasternak", "Len KB7LPW Winkler", "Hap KC9RP RAIN Holly", "Greg Jones WD5IVD" , "Rich CQ VHF", "Gagne, Jennifer, N1TDY" , "Donald Rotolo"<73227.2644@compuserve.com>, "Stan Horzepa", " Bob Hansen (TAPR) ", "Ham Radio On-line" , " Tom McDermott ", , "Brad Smith, KC5SP" Please be aware that the TAPR FTP site (ftp://ftp.tapr.org) has undergone a major reorganization as part of the upcoming web site restructuring and redesign. If you have links on web pages that reference into our ftp site, please take a moment to check them and update those URLs to reflect the changes at our site. The shallower directory structure should make things easier for individuals visiting our site to find files and information. Sorry for any inconvenience this might cause. Cheers - Greg Jones, WD5IVD TAPR ---- The new FTP directory structure: ftp://ftp.tapr.org Top Level: aprssig/ WinMacData/ aprsnews/ dosstuff/ APRSdos/ DOSmisc/ garmin/ history/ javastuff/ linux/ macstuff/ MacAPRS/ MacGPS/ MacMisc/ PacketTracker/ mail_archive/ maps/ 100K_Not_On_CD/ MacMaps/ PCMaps/ WinMacMaps/ mic-e/ movies/ palmstuff/ palmaprs/ palmmaps/ palmmisc/ palmos/ presentations/ shlib/ upload/ winstuff/ APRSPLUS/ Waypoint/ WinAPRS/ WinMisc/ bbssig/ mail_archive/ das/ mail_archive/ dcc/ dsp/ dsp56000/ dsp56001/ dsp56002/ mail_archive/ psa_sound_card/ recent_uploads/ tms320c10/ tms320c26/ tms320c50/ upload/ dsp93/ Paccomm_eproms/ diskettes/ dsp93_eproms/ mail_archive/ manuals/ schems/ simulators/ software/ software.list source/ stlouis.wrkshp.95/ updates/ upload/ util/ general/ 9600baud/ ALINCO/ ICOM/ KENWOOD/ MOTOROLA/ YEASU/ gps/ HPAN52-2/ garmin/ motorola/ hfsig/ mail_archive/ info/ kits/ logos/ publications/ netsig/ mail_archive/ psr/ pub/ regional_freq/ mail_archive/ software_lib/ DEMOS/ Linux/ RF/ UPLOAD/ an93/ bbs/ dsp/ gps/ listing misc/ sat/ switch/ tcpip/ terminal/ thenet.txt tnc/ utils/ weather/ ss/ mail_archive/ SS_STA/ dcc97_ss_seminar/ tac2/ mail_archive/ talnet/ tapr-bb/ mail_archive/ tapr-tnc/ mail_archive/ utils/ ----- Greg Jones, WD5IVD Austin, Texas wd5ivd@tapr.org http://www.tapr.org/~wd5ivd From Stan_Horzepa@adc.com Wed Dec 30 12:58:20 1998 Received: from smtp.adc.com (smtp.adc.com [155.226.10.207]) by tapr.org (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA01622; Wed, 30 Dec 1998 12:58:17 -0600 (CST) Received: from mplsgtwy01.adc.com (mplsgtwy01.adc.com [155.226.11.222]) by smtp.adc.com (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id MAA00407; Wed, 30 Dec 1998 12:58:16 -0600 (CST) Received: by mplsgtwy01.adc.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9) id ; Wed, 30 Dec 1998 12:56:42 -0600 Message-ID: <1B66FFC6BE1CD211A0620008C7A42AC21EF760@MRDNEXCH01.ct.adc.com> From: "Horzepa, Stan" To: AO16APRS , APRS-FL , APRSNEWS , APRSSIG , BBSSIG , DSP sig , HFSIG , HTAPRS , MIC-E sig , NETSIG , PROPNET sig , REGIONAL_FREQ sig , SS sig , TACGPS sig , TAPR-BB sig , TAPR-TNC Subject: New SIG for the Kenwood THD7A/E Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1998 12:57:46 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" TAPR is pleased to announce the formation of a new special interest group, the HTAPRS SIG. The purpose of HTAPRS is to provide a forum for the discussion of issues related to the Kenwood THD7A/E transceiver. (HTAPRS is also intended to lessen the number of messages on TAPR's APRSSIG by moving THD7A/E traffic off that SIG.) To subscribe to the HTAPRS mail list, send email to listserv@tapr.org with the following text in the body of the message: subscribe htaprs your_first_name your_last_name